The sunnah prayers are performed in the same way as the required prayers, but are of varying lengths and timings. While it is a good habit to perform extra prayers, these are not required.
The sunnah prayers are:
- Fajr Prayer: 2 raka'ats before
- Dhuhr Prayer: 4 raka'ats before + 2 after
- 'Asr Prayer: 4 raka'ats before
- Maghrib Prayer: 2 raka'ats after
- 'Isha Prayer: 4 raka'ats before + 2 after + 3 witr
